Laser drilling
Laser drilling is an important part of laser processing technology and an important link in processing workpieces. Common drilling types include fastening holes, positioning holes, etc. The quality of the holes has an important impact on the performance of the workpiece. Compared with mechanical processing, the application of laser drilling technology can improve the drilling effect, making the hole wall smoother and more rounded. In addition, compared with other processing technologies, laser drilling technology is more intelligent. In the initial stage of drilling, the hole depth and hole diameter increase greatly, but as the processing time increases, the hole depth and hole diameter increase slower. The reason for this is that the laser defocusing energy decreases and moves into the inside of the processed material. transfer, thereby reducing the variation range of hole depth and hole diameter, effectively avoiding the difficulty in dissipating heat during hot cutting of the workpiece and difficulty in chip removal.
Laser cutting
Laser cutting technology can be applied to the processing of metal materials such as steel and titanium alloys, as well as non-metallic materials such as plastics and glass. In specific processing practices, laser cutting can achieve non-contact processing without deformation of the workpiece. In addition, the laser beam has less impact on non-laser irradiated parts, the heat-affected area is small, and the thermal deformation of the workpiece is small; laser cutting speed is fast, high flexibility, good cutting quality, and low processing cost. Taking mechanical plate processing as an example, the laser cutting machines currently used in engineering machinery plate processing mainly include carbon dioxide laser cutting machines and fiber laser cutting machines. Among them, the fiber laser machine has better passability at all levels and smaller thermal impact, which is conducive to improving product processing efficiency and quality, and plays an important role in process sample production and other aspects.
Saldatura laser
In the traditional machinery manufacturing process, welding methods such as gas shielded welding are usually used, which have problems such as large deformation and excessive welding spatter. At the same time, the traditional welding method produces a lot of arc light and dust, which seriously affects the health of technicians. Based on technological development, the goals of workpiece welding processing in mechanical manufacturing have shifted to improving welding efficiency and quality, promoting the development of manual welding to robot welding, etc., promoting the deep integration of robot welding and flexible manufacturing concepts into the welding processing work of mechanical manufacturing. Due to the limitations of early laser welding technology, there were problems such as insufficient laser power, which made it difficult to effectively process medium-thick plates and ultra-thick plates. This type of laser welding technology has strong adaptability and can be used in the processing of difficult-to-weld materials. It is conducive to improving the stability of the welding process, and has positive significance for improving weld seam formation and eliminating welding defects. Practice has shown that applying laser-twin-wire MAG hybrid welding technology to process high-strength steel with a yield strength of 960MPa, the welding efficiency is increased by 320%, the penetration depth is increased by 53.6%, and the amount of welding wire is saved by 31.5%. In summary, the application of laser welding technology in machinery manufacturing improves welding efficiency and welding quality, and has positive application significance in reducing processing costs and environmental protection.
Laser cladding
Laser cladding is a process in which powdered cladding materials are placed on the surface of the workpiece in a synchronized or preset manner. Under the influence of the laser beam, the thin layer of cladding material and the surface of the workpiece melts and solidifies together to form a modified coating on the surface, which enhances the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and oxidation resistance of the workpiece. Based on the analysis of specific practical results, laser cladding technology has almost no thermal damage to the workpiece, and the final coating has fine grains and has good application value. At the same time, laser cladding technology can be comprehensively applied with computer technology, making it easy to achieve intelligence. At present, laser cladding technology is mainly used in the repair of damaged products in machinery manufacturing and the modification of material appearance. Take an auto parts processing company as an example. The company applied laser cladding technology to implement hard surface cladding on the engine, which improved the wear intensity of the engine surface. At the same time, the company applies laser cladding technology to clad vehicle exhaust valves with Stellite alloy, which effectively improves the exhaust valve’s corrosion resistance and impact resistance. In summary, the application of laser cladding technology in mechanical manufacturing can not only improve the hardness and wear resistance of the workpiece surface, but also improve the efficiency and quality of mechanical processing, playing an important role in component repair and workpiece performance improvement.
Laser Additive Manufacturing
Laser additive manufacturing is three-dimensional printing technology. This technology uses high-power laser as the energy source and performs layered manufacturing based on corresponding data information. Based on the forming principle, laser additive manufacturing technology can be divided into laser selective melting and laser metal direct forming. Among them, the application process of laser selective melting technology is as follows: spread the metal powder; use a high-energy laser beam to scan the metal powder according to the established path, melt the powder and the surface of the workpiece; cool and solidify into shape. The application process of laser metal direct forming technology is as follows: determine the workpiece processing path according to the processing requirements; apply the laser beam to simultaneously melt the metal powder and the workpiece surface; rapidly solidify the workpiece surface and build it up layer by layer. On the whole, laser additive manufacturing technology has a short manufacturing process and high flexibility, and can be used in processing difficult-to-cut and highly active materials.
